| 货号 | AFL415 |
| 别名 | colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage); Colony-stimulating factor; CSF; CSF2; GM-CSF; GMCSFgranulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor; MGC131935; MGC138897; molgramostin; sargramostim | 全称 | Granulocyte Macrophage Growth Factor |
| 反应种属 | Mouse |
| 来源 | E. coli-derived Ala18-Lys141, with an N-terminal Met Produced using non-animal reagents in an animal-free laboratory. |
| 产品组分 |
| 供应商 | R&D Systems |
| Entrez Gene IDs | 1437 (Human); 12981 (Mouse); 116630 (Rat); 397208 (Porcine); 403923 (Canine); 493805 (Feline) |
| 内毒素水平 | <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method. |
| 生物活性 | Measured in a cell proliferation assay using DA3 mouse myeloma cells. Ihle, J.N. et al. (1984) Advances in Viral Oncology. In G. Klein (eds): Raven Press, New York, NY. 4:95. The ED50 for this effect is typically 5‑30 pg/mL. |
| 溶解方法 | Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS. |
| 背景 | GM-CSF was initially characterized as a factor that can support the in vitro colony formation of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors. It is also a growth factor for erythroid, megakaryocyte, and eosinophil progenitors. GM-CSF is produced by a number of different cell types (including T cells, B cells, macrophages, mast cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and adipocytes) in response to cytokine or inflammatory stimuli. On mature hematopoietic cells, GM-CSF is a survival factor for and activates the effector functions of granulocytes, monocytes/macrophages, and eosinophils (1, 2). GM-CSF promotes a Th1 biased immune response, angiogenesis, allergic inflammation, and the development of autoimmunity (3-5). It shows clinical effectiveness in ameliorating chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, and GM-CSF transfected tumor cells are utilized as cancer vaccines (6, 7). The 22 kDa glycosylated GM-CSF, similar to IL-3 and IL-5, is a cytokine with a core of four bundled alpha ‑helices (8-10). Mature mouse GM-CSF shares 49%-54% amino acid sequence identity with canine, feline, human, and porcine GM-CSF and 69% with rat GM‑CSF. GM‑CSF exerts its biological effects through a heterodimeric receptor complex composed of GM-CSF R alpha /CD116 and the signal transducing common beta chain (CD131) which is also a component of the high-affinity receptors for IL-3 and IL-5 (11, 12). In addition, GM-CSF binds a naturally occurring soluble form of GM-CSF R alpha (13). The activity of GM-CSF is species specific between human and mouse. Mouse GM-CSF is only weakly active on rat cells, although rat GM‑CSF is fully active on mouse cells (14, 15). |
| Accession # | Q14AD9 |
| 运输条件 | Blue Ice |
| N-terminal Sequence Analysis | Met |
| 预期分子量 | 14.3 kDa |
| 存放说明 | -20℃ |
| 纯度 | >97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain |
| 参考文献 |
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