| 货号 | AB-112-NA |
| 别名 | BSC-1 cell growth inhibitor; cetermin; Glioblastoma-derived T-cell suppressor factor; G-TSF; MGC116892; polyergin; TGFB2; TGF-beta2; TGF-beta-2; transforming growth factor beta-2; transforming growth factor, beta 2 | 全称 | Transforming Growth Factor beta 2 |
| 应用 | Western Blot(0.25 µg/mL) Simple Western(2.5 µg/mL) |
| 目标/特异性 | Detects TGF-beta 2 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs and Western blots, this antibody is highly specific for TGF-beta 2 and TGF‑ beta 1.2 but will cross-react with other TGF-beta variants with at least 100-fold lower sensitivity. It will also neutralize the biological activity of TGF-beta 1.2, at a 50 fold higher IgG concentration. |
| 使用方法 | Western Blot: 0.25 µg/mL Simple Western: 2.5 µg/mL Neutralization: Measured by its ability to neutralize TGF‑ beta 2 inhibition of IL‑4-dependent proliferation in the HT‑2 mouse T cell line [Tsang, M. et al. (1995) Cytokine 7:389]. The Neutralization Dose (ND50) is typically 0.3-1.5 µg/mL in the presence of 1 ng/mL Porcine TGF‑ beta 2 and 7.5 ng/mL Recombinant Mouse IL‑4. |
| 来源 | Polyclonal Goat IgG |
| 产品组分 |
| 供应商 | R&D Systems |
| Entrez Gene IDs | 7042 (Human); 21808 (Mouse); 397084 (Porcine) |
| 纯化方式 | Protein A or G purified |
| 免疫原 | Porcine platelet-derived TGF-beta 2 |
| 内毒素水平 | <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method. |
| 标记 | Unconjugated |
| 溶解方法 | Reconstitute at 1 mg/mL in sterile PBS. |
| 背景 | TGF-beta 2 (transforming growth factor beta 2) is one of three closely related mammalian members of the large TGF-beta superfamily that share a characteristic cysteine knot structure (1-7). TGF-beta 1, -2 and -3 are highly pleiotropic cytokines proposed to act as cellular switches that regulate processes such as immune function, proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (1-4). Each TGF-beta isoform has some non-redundant functions; for TGF-beta 2, mice with targeted deletion show defects in development of cardiac, lung, craniofacial, limb, eye, ear and urogenital systems (2). Human TGF-beta 2 cDNA encodes a 414 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 19 aa signal peptide and a 395 aa proprotein (8). A furin-like convertase processes the proprotein to generate an N-terminal 232 aa latency-associated peptide (LAP) and a C-terminal 112 aa mature TGF- beta 2 (8, 9). Disulfide-linked homodimers of LAP and TGF-beta 2 remain non-covalently associated after secretion, forming the small latent TGF-beta 1 complex (8-10). Covalent linkage of LAP to one of three latent TGF-beta binding proteins (LTBPs) creates a large latent complex that may interact with the extracellular matrix (9, 10). TGF-beta is activated from latency by pathways that include actions of the protease plasmin, matrix metalloproteases, thrombospondin 1 and a subset of integrins (10). Mature human TGF-beta 2 shows 100% aa identity with porcine, canine, equine and bovine TGF-beta 2, and 97% aa identity with mouse and rat TGF-beta 2. It demonstrates cross-species activity (1). TGF-beta 2 signaling begins with binding to a complex of the accessory receptor betaglycan (also known as TGF-beta RIII) and a type II ser/thr kinase receptor termed TGF-beta RII. This receptor then phosphorylates and activates another ser/thr kinase receptor, TGF-beta RI (also called activin receptor-like kinase (ALK) -5), or alternatively, ALK-1. The whole complex phosphorylates and activates Smad proteins that regulate transcription (3, 11, 12). Use of other signaling pathways that are Smad-independent allows for disparate actions observed in response to TGF-beta in different contexts (11). |
| 运输条件 | Blue Ice |
| 存放说明 | -20℃ |
| 参考文献 |
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Detection of Human TGF‑ beta 2 by Western Blot. Western blot shows lysates of human heart tissue and human breast cancer tissue. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.25 µg/mL of Goat Anti-TGF‑ beta 2 Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AB-112-NA) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). A specific band was detected for TGF‑ beta 2 at approximately 70 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1. | |
Detection of Human TGF‑ beta 2 by Simple WesternTM. Simple Western lane view shows lysates of human heart tissue and human breast cancer tissue, loaded at 0.2 mg/mL. A specific band was detected for TGF‑ beta 2 at approximately 63 kDa (as indicated) using 2.5 µg/mL of Goat Anti-TGF‑ beta 2 Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AB-112-NA) followed by 1:50 dilution of HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF109). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using the 12-230 kDa separation system. | |
TGF‑ beta 2 Inhibition of IL‑4-dependent Cell Proliferation and Neutralization by TGF‑ beta 2 Antibody. Porcine TGF‑ beta 2 (Catalog # 102-B2) inhibits Recombinant Mouse IL‑4 (Catalog # 404-ML) induced proliferation in the HT‑2 mouse T cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). Inhibition of Recombinant Mouse IL‑4 (7.5 ng/mL) activity elicited by Porcine TGF‑ beta 2 (1 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Sheep Anti-TGF‑ beta 2 Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AB-112-NA). The ND50 is typically 0.3-1.5 µg/mL. |
