Methylation of NKG2D ligands contributes to immune system evasion in acute myeloid leukemia.
Authors: Baragano Raneros A, Martin-Palanco V, Fernandez A, Rodriguez R, Fraga M, Lopez-Larrea C, Suarez-Alvarez B
Genes Immun, 2015;16(1):71-82.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
Cytotoxicity and infiltration of human NK cells in in vivo-like tumor spheroids.
Authors: Giannattasio A, Weil S, Kloess S, Ansari N, Stelzer E, Cerwenka A, Steinle A, Koehl U, Koch J
BMC Cancer, 2015;15(0):351.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
Umbilical cord blood plasma contains soluble NKG2D ligands that mediate loss of natural killer cell function and cytotoxicity.
Authors: Cox S, Laza-Briviesca R, Pearson H, Soria B, Gibson D, Gomez S, Madrigal J, Saudemont A
Eur J Immunol, 2015;45(8):2324-34.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Plasma
Application: IP
Two novel human cytomegalovirus NK cell evasion functions target MICA for lysosomal degradation.
Authors: Fielding C, Aicheler R, Stanton R, Wang E, Han S, Seirafian S, Davies J, McSharry B, Weekes M, Antrobus P, Prodhomme V, Blanchet F, Sugrue D, Cuff S, Roberts D, Davison A, Lehner P, Wilkinson G, Tomasec P
PLoS Pathog, 2014;10(5):e1004058.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
Reactive oxygen species- and DNA damage response-dependent NK cell activating ligand upregulation occurs at transcriptional levels and requires the transcriptional factor E2F1.
Authors: Soriani A, Iannitto M, Ricci B, Fionda C, Malgarini G, Morrone S, Peruzzi G, Ricciardi M, Petrucci M, Cippitelli M, Santoni A
J Immunol, 2014;193(2):950-60.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
Ex vivo expansion of highly cytotoxic human NK cells by cocultivation with irradiated tumor cells for adoptive immunotherapy.
Authors: Lim S, Kim T, Lee J, Sonn C, Kim K, Kim J, Choi J, Choi I, Yun C, Kim J, Yee C, Kumar V, Lee K
Cancer Res, 2013;73(8):2598-607.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
NK cells from malignant pleural effusions are not anergic but produce cytokines and display strong antitumor activity on short-term IL-2 activation.
Authors: Vacca P, Martini S, Garelli V, Passalacqua G, Moretta L, Mingari M
Eur J Immunol, 2013;43(2):550-61.
Species: Human
Sample Type: whole cells
Application: Flow
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus ORF54/dUTPase downregulates a ligand for the NK activating receptor NKp44.
Authors: Madrid, Alexis S, Ganem, Don
J Virol, 2012;86(16):8693-704.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
MiR-10b Downregulates the Stress-Induced Cell Surface Molecule MICB, a Critical Ligand for Cancer Cell Recognition by Natural Killer Cells.
Authors: Tsukerman P, Stern-Ginossar N, Gur C, Glasner A, Nachmani D, Bauman Y, Yamin R, Vitenshtein A, Stanietsky N, Bar-Mag T, Lankry D, Mandelboim O
Cancer Res, 2012;72(21):5463-72.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
NK cells from HCV-infected patients effectively induce apoptosis of activated primary human hepatic stellate cells in a TRAIL-, FasL- and NKG2D-dependent manner.
Authors: Glassner A, Eisenhardt M, Kramer B, Korner C, Coenen M, Sauerbruch T, Spengler U, Nattermann J
Lab. Invest., 2012;92(7):967-77.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) sequentially shapes the NK cell repertoire during the course of asymptomatic infection and Kaposi sarcoma.
Authors: Dupuy S, Lambert M, Zucman D, Choukem SP, Tognarelli S, Pages C, Lebbe C, Caillat-Zucman S
PLoS Pathog., 2012;8(1):e1002486.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
Cytotoxicity of CD56(bright) NK cells towards autologous activated CD4+ T cells is mediated through NKG2D, LFA-1 and TRAIL and dampened via CD94/NKG2A.
Authors: Nielsen N, Odum N, Urso B, Lanier LL, Spee P
PLoS ONE, 2012;7(2):e31959.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
The human NKG2D ligand ULBP2 can be expressed at the cell surface with or without a GPI anchor and both forms can activate NK cells.
Authors: Fernandez-Messina L, Ashiru O, Aguera-Gonzalez S, Reyburn HT, Vales-Gomez M
J. Cell. Sci., 2011;124(0):321-7.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
Human adipose-derived stem cells impair natural killer cell function and exhibit low susceptibility to natural killer-mediated lysis.
Authors: Delarosa O, Sanchez-Correa B, Morgado S, Ramirez C, del Rio B, Menta R, Lombardo E, Tarazona R, Casado JG
Stem Cells Dev., 2011;21(8):1333-43.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
Mutations of the von Hippel-Lindau gene confer increased susceptibility to natural killer cells of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma.
Authors: Perier A, Fregni G, Wittnebel S, Gad S, Allard M, Gervois N, Escudier B, Azzarone B, Caignard A
Oncogene, 2011;30(23):2622-32.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
Rapid expansion and long-term persistence of elevated NK cell numbers in humans infected with hantavirus.
Authors: Bjorkstrom NK, Lindgren T, Stoltz M, Fauriat C, Braun M, Evander M, Michaelsson J, Malmberg KJ, Klingstrom J, Ahlm C, Ljunggren HG
J. Exp. Med., 2011;208(1):13-21.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
Thermal- and Oxidative Stress Causes Enhanced Release of NKG2D Ligand-Bearing Immunosuppressive Exosomes in Leukemia/Lymphoma T and B Cells.
Authors: Hedlund M, Nagaeva O, Kargl D, Baranov V, Mincheva-Nilsson L
PLoS ONE, 2011;6(2):e16899.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Cell Lysates
Application: WB
The prognostic significance of soluble NKG2D ligands in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Authors: Nuckel H, Switala M, Sellmann L, Horn PA, Durig J, Duhrsen U, Kuppers R, Grosse-Wilde H, Rebmann V
Leukemia, 2010;24(6):1152-9.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Plasma
Application: ELISA Development
Inhibition of NKG2D expression in NK cells by cytokines secreted in response to human cytomegalovirus infection.
Authors: Muntasell A, Magri G, Pende D, Angulo A, Lopez-Botet M
Blood, 2010;115(25):5170-9.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
Melanoma-associated fibroblasts modulate NK cell phenotype and antitumor cytotoxicity.
Authors: Balsamo M, Scordamaglia F, Pietra G, Manzini C, Cantoni C, Boitano M, Queirolo P, Vermi W, Facchetti F, Moretta A, Moretta L, Mingari MC, Vitale M
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2009;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
Biologic activity of irradiated, autologous, GM-CSF-secreting leukemia cell vaccines early after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Authors: Ho VT, Vanneman M, Kim H, Sasada T, Kang YJ, Pasek M, Cutler C, Koreth J, Alyea E, Sarantopoulos S, Antin JH, Ritz J, Canning C, Kutok J, Mihm MC, Dranoff G, Soiffer R
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2009;106(37):15825-30.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernates
Application: ELISA Development
Detuning CD8+ T lymphocytes by down-regulation of the activating receptor NKG2D: role of NKG2D ligands released by activated T cells.
Authors: Cerboni C, Ardolino M, Santoni A, Zingoni A
Blood, 2009;113(13):2955-64.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Functional Assay
Interferon-gamma down-regulates NKG2D ligand expression and impairs the NKG2D-mediated cytolysis of MHC class I-deficient melanoma by natural killer cells.
Authors: Schwinn N, Vokhminova D, Sucker A, Textor S, Striegel S, Moll I, Nausch N, Tuettenberg J, Steinle A, Cerwenka A, Schadendorf D, Paschen A
Int. J. Cancer, 2009;124(7):1594-604.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
Expression of the ULBP ligands for NKG2D by B-NHL cells plays an important role in determining their susceptibility to rituximab-induced ADCC.
Authors: Inagaki A, Ishida T, Yano H, Ishii T, Kusumoto S, Ito A, Ri M, Mori F, Ding J, Komatsu H, Iida S, Ueda R
Int. J. Cancer, 2009;125(1):212-21.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
NK cells recognize and lyse Ewing sarcoma cells through NKG2D and DNAM-1 receptor dependent pathways.
Authors: Verhoeven DH, de Hooge AS, Mooiman EC, Santos SJ, ten Dam MM, Gelderblom H, Melief CJ, Hogendoorn PC, Egeler RM, van Tol MJ, Schilham MW, Lankester AC
Mol. Immunol., 2008;45(15):3917-25.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
HIV modulates the expression of ligands important in triggering natural killer cell cytotoxic responses on infected primary T-cell blasts.
Authors: Ward J, Bonaparte M, Sacks J, Guterman J, Fogli M, Mavilio D, Barker E
Blood, 2007;110(4):1207-14.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
Bortezomib down-regulates the cell-surface expression of HLA class I and enhances natural killer cell-mediated lysis of myeloma.
Authors: Shi J, Tricot GJ, Garg TK, Malaviarachchi PA, Szmania SM, Kellum RE, Storrie B, Mulder A, Shaughnessy JD, Barlogie B, van Rhee F
Blood, 2007;111(3):1309-17.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow
Natural killer cell-produced IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha induce target cell cytolysis through up-regulation of ICAM-1.
Authors: Wang R, Jaw JJ, Jaw J, Stutzman N, Stutzman NC, Zou Z, Sun PD
J Leukoc Biol, 0;91(2):299-309.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Whole Cells
Application: Flow

ULBP-3 is a member of a family of cell-surface proteins that function as ligands for human NKG2D. ULBP-3 has also been described under the names RaeT1N (retinoic acid early transcript), NKG2DL3, and ALCAN-gamma. The name ULBP-3 derives from the original identification of three proteins, ULBP-1, -2, and -3, as ligands for the human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein UL16; they were designated UL16 binding proteins (ULBP). The gene for ULBP-3 resides in a cluster of ten related genes, six of which encode potentially functional glycoproteins. Amino acid sequence identity within this family ranges from 30‑60%. These proteins are distantly related to MHC class I proteins, but they possess only the alpha 1 and alpha 2 Ig-like domains, and they have no capacity to bind peptide or interact with beta 2‑microglobulin. Some family members, including ULBP-3, are anchored to the membrane via a GPI-linkage, whereas others have transmembrane domains. ULBP-3 and several other family members are known to bind to human NKG2D, an activating receptor expressed on NK cells, NKT cells, gamma δ T cells, and CD8⁺ alpha beta T cells. Engagement of NKG2D results in the activation of cytolytic activity and/or cytokine production by these effector cells. The ULBPs are expressed on some tumor cells and have been implicated in tumor surveillance (1‑7).

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