Intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of Ground Cherry (Physalis angulata L.) standardized CO2 phytopharmaceutical preparation
Authors: LD Almeida Ju, AEV Quaglio, CAR de Almeida, LC Di Stasi
World J. Gastroenterol., 2017;23(24):4369-4380.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

Carotid sinus nerve electrical stimulation in conscious rats attenuates systemic inflammation via chemoreceptor activation
Authors: FM Santos-Alm, G Domingos-S, CA Meschiari, LC Fávaro, C Becari, JA Castania, A Lopes, TM Cunha, DJA Moraes, FQ Cunha, L Ulloa, A Kanashiro, GCSV Tezini, HC Salgado
Sci Rep, 2017;7(1):6265.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Plasma

Impact of matrix metalloproteinase 9 rs3918242 genetic variant on lipid-lowering efficacy of simvastatin therapy in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Y Xu, Y Wang, J Zhi, L Qi, T Zhang, X Li
BMC Pharmacol Toxicol, 2017;18(1):28.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Plasma

Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate administered during ex-vivo lung perfusion promotes rehabilitation of injured donor rat lungs obtained after prolonged warm ischemia
Authors: C Francioli, X Wang, R Parapanov, E Abdelnour, J Lugrin, F Gronchi, J Perentes, P Eckert, HB Ris, L Piquilloud, T Krueger, L Liaudet
PLoS ONE, 2017;12(3):e0173916.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: BALF

Post-translational Activation of Glutamate Cysteine Ligase with Dimercaprol: A Novel Mechanism of Inhibiting Neuroinflammation in vitro
Authors: PB McElroy, A Sri Hari, BJ Day, M Patel
J. Biol. Chem, 2017;0(0):.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernates

Neuroprotection by Caffeine in Hyperoxia-Induced Neonatal Brain Injury
Authors: S Endesfelde, U Weichelt, E Strauá, A Schl”r, M Sifringer, T Scheuer, C Bhrer, T Schmitz
Int J Mol Sci, 2017;18(1):.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

Experimental Diabetes Alters the Morphology and Nano-Structure of the Achilles Tendon
Authors: RR Oliveira, R Medina de, L Magalh?es, F Guimar?es, F Tovar-Moll, L Eurico Nas, GA de Castro
PLoS ONE, 2017;12(1):e0169513.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

Food-grade TiO2 impairs intestinal and systemic immune homeostasis, initiates preneoplastic lesions and promotes aberrant crypt development in the rat colon
Authors: S Bettini, E Boutet-Rob, C Cartier, C Com‚ra, E Gaultier, J Dupuy, N Naud, S Tach‚, P Grysan, S Reguer, N Thieriet, M R‚fr‚giers, D ThiaudiŠre, JP Cravedi, M CarriŠre, JN Audinot, FH Pierre, L Guzylack-P, E Houdeau
Sci Rep, 2017;7(0):40373.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

Propentofylline Prevents Sickness Behavior and Depressive-Like Behavior Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Rats via Neuroinflammatory Pathway
Authors: MM Moraes, MC Galv?o, D Cabral, CP Coelho, N Queiroz-Ha, MF Martins, EF Bondan, MM Bernardi, TB Kirsten
PLoS ONE, 2017;12(1):e0169446.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Plasma

Combination of methylprednisolone and rosiglitazone promotes recovery of neurological function after spinal cord injury
Neural Regen Res, 2016;11(10):1678-1684.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

The Involvement of Pial Microvessels in Leukocyte Invasion after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
PLoS ONE, 2016;11(12):e0167677.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

Zinc prevents sickness behavior induced by lipopolysaccharides after a stress challenge in rats.
Authors: Kirsten T, Galvao M, Reis-Silva T, Queiroz-Hazarbassanov N, Bernardi M
PLoS ONE, 2015;10(3):e0120263.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Plasma

Muscle hyperalgesia induced by peripheral P2X3 receptors is modulated by inflammatory mediators.
Authors: Schiavuzzo J, Teixeira J, Melo B, da Silva dos Santos D, Jorge C, Oliveira-Fusaro M, Parada C
Neuroscience, 2015;285(0):24-33.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

S-nitrosoglutathione accelerates recovery from 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis.
Authors: Skeff M, Brito G, de Oliveira M, Braga C, Cavalcante M, Baldim V, Holanda-Afonso R, Silva-Boghossian C, Colombo A, Ribeiro R, Moura-Neto V, Leitao R
PLoS ONE, 2014;9(12):e113378.
Species: Hamster
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

Oligofructose supplementation (10%) during pregnancy and lactation does not change the inflammatory effect of concurrent trans fatty acid ingestion on 21-day-old offspring.
Authors: Hachul A, Mennitti L, de Oliveira J, Moreno M, Okuda M, Dos Santos B, Oyama L, Ribeiro E, do Nascimento C, Pisani L
Lipids Health Dis, 2013;12(0):59.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

Protective effect of hypercapnic acidosis in ischemia-reperfusion lung injury is attributable to upregulation of heme oxygenase-1.
Authors: Wu S, Li M, Ko F, Wu G, Huang K, Chu S
PLoS ONE, 2013;8(9):e74742.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: BALF

Effects of freshwater clam extract supplementation on time to exhaustion, muscle damage, pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines, and liver injury in rats after exhaustive exercise.
Authors: Huang K, Wu W, Yang F, Chiu Y, Peng T, Hsu B, Liao K, Lee R
Molecules, 2013;18(4):3825-38.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Plasma

Depot-specific modulation of adipokine levels in rat adipose tissue by diet-induced obesity: the effect of aerobic training and energy restriction.
Authors: Yamashita AS, Lira FS, Rosa JC, Paulino EC, Brum PC, Negrao CE, dos Santos RV, Batista ML, do Nascimento CO, Oyama LM, Seelaender M
Cytokine, 2010;52(3):168-74.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and cinc-1 levels in rat brain after meningitis induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Authors: Barichello T, dos Santos I, Savi GD, Simoes LR, Silvestre T, Comim CM, Sachs D, Teixeira MM, Teixeira AL, Quevedo J
J. Neuroimmunol., 2010;221(1):42-5.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

Supernatant of stored platelets causes lung inflammation and coagulopathy in a novel in vivo transfusion model.
Authors: Vlaar AP, Hofstra JJ, Kulik W
Blood, 2010;116(8):1360-8.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

The lectin-like domain of tumor necrosis factor improves lung function after rat lung transplantation--potential role for a reduction in reactive oxygen species generation.
Authors: Hamacher J, Stammberger U, Roux J, Kumar S, Yang G, Xiong C, Schmid RA, Fakin RM, Chakraborty T, Hossain HM, Pittet JF, Wendel A, Black SM, Lucas R
Crit. Care Med., 2010;38(3):871-8.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: BALF

Effects of ciliary muscle plasmid electrotransfer of TNF-alpha soluble receptor variants in experimental uveitis.
Authors: Touchard E, Bloquel C, Bigey P, Kowalczuc L, Jonet L, Thillaye-Goldenberg B, Naud MC, Scherman D, de Kozak Y, Benezra D, Behar-Cohen F
Gene Ther., 2009;16(7):862-73.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Aqueous Humor

Augmentation of endogenous cannabinoid tone modulates lipopolysaccharide-induced alterations in circulating cytokine levels in rats.
Authors: Roche M, Kelly JP, ODriscoll M, ODriscoll M, Finn DP
Immunology, 2008;125(2):263-71.

MAPKs are key players in mediating cytokine release and cell death induced by unconjugated bilirubin in cultured rat cortical astrocytes.
Authors: Fernandes A, Falcao AS, Silva RF, Brito MA, Brites D
Eur. J. Neurosci., 2007;25(4):1058-68.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernates

Sirtuin regulates cigarette smoke-induced proinflammatory mediator release via RelA/p65 NF-kappaB in macrophages in vitro and in rat lungs in vivo: implications for chronic inflammation and aging.
Authors: Yang SR, Wright J, Bauter M, Seweryniak K, Kode A, Rahman I
Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol., 2007;292(2):L567-76.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: BALF

Inflammatory signalling pathways involved in astroglial activation by unconjugated bilirubin.
Authors: Fernandes A, Falcao AS, Silva RF, Gordo AC, Gama MJ, Brito MA, Brites D
J. Neurochem., 2006;96(6):1667-79.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernates

Cardiomyocyte function after burn injury and lipopolysaccharide exposure: single-cell contraction analysis and cytokine secretion profile.
Authors: Niederbichler AD, Westfall MV, Su GL, Donnerberg J, Usman A, Vogt PM, Ipaktchi KR, Arbabi S, Wang SC, Hemmila MR
Shock, 2006;25(2):176-83.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernates

Role of matrix metalloproteinases in the inflammatory response in human airway cell-based assays and in rodent models of airway disease.
Authors: Birrell MA, Wong S, Dekkak A, De Alba J, Haj-Yahia S, Belvisi MG
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 2006;318(2):741-50.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: BALF

Utility of exhaled nitric oxide as a noninvasive biomarker of lung inflammation in a disease model.
Authors: Birrell MA, McCluskie K, Hardaker E, Knowles R, Belvisi MG
Eur. Respir. J., 2006;28(6):1236-44.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: BALF

GM-CSF action in the CNS decreases food intake and body weight.
Authors: Reed JA, Clegg DJ, Smith KB, Tolod-Richer EG, Matter EK, Picard LS, Seeley RJ
J. Clin. Invest., 2005;115(11):3035-44.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Effects of estradiol on lipopolysaccharide and Pam3Cys stimulation of CCL20/macrophage inflammatory protein 3 alpha and tumor necrosis factor alpha production by uterine epithelial cells in culture.
Authors: Crane-Godreau MA, Wira CR
Infect. Immun., 2005;73(7):4231-7.
Species: Human
Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernates

CCL20/macrophage inflammatory protein 3alpha and tumor necrosis factor alpha production by primary uterine epithelial cells in response to treatment with lipopolysaccharide or Pam3Cys.
Authors: Crane-Godreau MA, Wira CR
Infect. Immun., 2005;73(1):476-84.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernates

Maternal poly I:C exposure during pregnancy regulates TNF alpha, BDNF, and NGF expression in neonatal brain and the maternal-fetal unit of the rat.
Authors: Gilmore JH, Jarskog LF, Vadlamudi S
J. Neuroimmunol., 2004;159(1):106-12.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

A study of the biologic activity of trauma-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph over time and the relative role of cytokines.
Authors: Davidson MT, Deitch EA, Lu Q, Osband A, Feketeova E, Nemeth ZH, Hasko G, Xu DZ
Surgery, 2004;136(1):32-41.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Lymph Fluid

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), also known as cachectin and TNFSF2, is the prototypic ligand of the TNF superfamily. It is a pleiotropic molecule that plays a central role in inflammation, apoptosis, and immune system development. TNF-α is produced by a wide variety of immune and epithelial cell types. Human TNF-α consists of a 35 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 177 aa extracellular domain (ECD). Within the ECD, human TNF-α shares 97% aa sequence identity with rhesus and 71% - 92% with bovine, canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, mouse, porcine, and rat TNF-α. The 26 kDa type 2 transmembrane protein is assembled intracellularly to form a noncovalently linked homotrimer. Ligation of this complex induces reverse signaling that promotes lymphocyte costimulation but diminishes monocyte responsiveness.

Cleavage of membrane bound TNF-α by TACE/ADAM17 releases a 55 kDa soluble trimeric form of TNF-α. TNF-α trimers bind the ubiquitous TNF RI and the hematopoietic cell-restricted TNF RII, both of which are also expressed as homotrimers. TNF-α regulates lymphoid tissue development through control of apoptosis. It also promotes inflammatory responses by inducing the activation of vascular endothelial cells and macrophages. TNF-α is a key cytokine in the development of several inflammatory disorders. It contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes through its effects on insulin resistance and fatty acid metabolism.