| 货号 | 2577L |
| 反应种属 | Human/Mouse/Rat/Monkey |
| 来源宿主 | Rabbit |
| 应用 | W/IF-IC/F |
| 目标/特异性 | Phospho-H2A.X (Ser139) Antibody detects endogenous levels of H2A.X only when phosphorylated at Ser139. |
| 使用方法 | WB(1:1000) F (1:800) IF-IC (1:800) |
| 供应商 | CST |
| 背景 | Histone H2A.X is a variant histone that represents approximately 10% of the total H2A histone proteins in normal human fibroblasts (1). H2A.X is required for checkpoint-mediated cell cycle arrest and DNA repair following double-stranded DNA breaks (1). DNA damage, caused by ionizing radiation, UV-light, or radiomimetic agents, results in rapid phosphorylation of H2A.X at Ser139 by PI3K-like kinases, including ATM, ATR, and DNA-PK (2,3). Within minutes following DNA damage, H2A.X is phosphorylated at Ser139 at sites of DNA damage (4). This very early event in the DNA-damage response is required for recruitment of a multitude of DNA-damage response proteins, including MDC1, NBS1, RAD50, MRE11, 53BP1, and BRCA1 (1). In addition to its role in DNA-damage repair, H2A.X is required for DNA fragmentation during apoptosis and is phosphorylated by various kinases in response to apoptotic signals. H2A.X is phosphorylated at Ser139 by DNA-PK in response to cell death receptor activation, c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK1) in response to UV-A irradiation, and p38 MAPK in response to serum starvation (5-8). H2A.X is constitutively phosphorylated on Tyr142 in undamaged cells by WSTF (Williams-Beuren syndrome transcription factor) (9,10). Upon DNA damage, and concurrent with phosphorylation of Ser139, Tyr142 is dephosphorylated at sites of DNA damage by recruited EYA1 and EYA3 phosphatases (9). While phosphorylation at Ser139 facilitates the recruitment of DNA repair proteins and apoptotic proteins to sites of DNA damage, phosphorylation at Tyr142 appears to determine which set of proteins are recruited. Phosphorylation of H2A.X at Tyr142 inhibits the recruitment of DNA repair proteins and promotes binding of pro-apoptotic factors such as JNK1 (9). Mouse embryonic fibroblasts expressing only mutant H2A.X Y142F, which favors recruitment of DNA repair proteins over apoptotic proteins, show a reduced apoptotic response to ionizing radiation (9). Thus, it appears that the balance of H2A.X Tyr142 phosphorylation and dephosphorylation provides a switch mechanism to determine cell fate after DNA damage. |
| 存放说明 | -20C |
| 计算分子量 | 15 |
Western blot analysis of extracts from 293 cells, untreated or UV-treated, using Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) Antibody (upper) or Histone H2A Antibody #2572 (lower). 使用Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) Antibody (上图)或Histone H2A Antibody #2572 (下图)，免疫印迹(Western blot)分析untreated或UV-treated 293细胞。 | |
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded HT-29 cells untreated (left) or treated (right) with UV (upper) or doxorubicin (lower) using Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) Antibody. 使用Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) Antibody，免疫组化分析HT-29细胞石蜡切片，细胞分为untreated (左图)或UV (右上图)或doxorubicin treated (右下图)。 | |
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded L36 pancreatic adenocarcinoma xenografts, untreated (left) or chemotherapy treated (right). (High magnification inset) (Tissue provided by Dr. Murray Resnick, Rhode Island Hospital). 免疫组化分析L36 pancreatic adenocarcinoma xenografts组织石蜡切片，分为untreated (左图)或chemotherapy treated (右图)。(High magnification inset) (Tissue provided by Dr. Murray Resnick, Rhode Island Hospital)。 | |
Flow cytometric analysis of HeLa cells, untreated (blue) and UV-treated (green), using Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) Antibody compared with a nonspecific negative control antibody (red). 与非特异阴性control antibody (红色)比较，使用Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) Antibody标记，流式细胞仪分HeLa细胞，细胞分为untreated (蓝色)或UV-treated (绿色)。 | |
Confocal microscopic images of HeLa cells, UV treated (A) and untreated (B), showing nuclear stain with Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) Antibody (red) and Phospho-SAPK/JNK (Thr183/Tyr185) (G9) Mouse mAb #9255 (green). 使用Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) Antibody (红色)和Phospho-SAPK/JNK (Thr183/Tyr185) (G9) Mouse mAb #9255鼠单抗 (绿色)，共聚焦显微镜分析UV treated (A) 和untreated (B)的HeLa细胞，结果显示为细胞核染色。 | |
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human breast tumor control (left) or lambda phosphatase-treated (right) using Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) Antibody. 使用Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) Antibody，免疫组化分析control (左图)或lambda phosphatase-treated (right)人源乳腺癌组织石蜡切片。 |
