| 货号 | 9000876-1mg |
| 描述 | 4-hydroxy Nonenal Glutathione-d3(4-HNE-GSH-d3 (trifluoroacetate salt) contains three deuterium atoms at the terminal methyl position. It is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of 4-HNE-GSH (trifluoroacetate salt) by GC- or LC-mass spectrometry. 4-hydroxy-Nonenal (4-HNE) is a major aldehyde produced during the lipid peroxidation of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as arachidonic acid and linoleic acid.1,2 4-HNE-GSH is a major adduct formed by the reaction of 4-HNE with GSH.3,4,5,6 4-HNE-GSH levels in liver, plasma, or isolated cells can serve as biomarkers for oxidative stress.7 The trapping of 4-HNE by glutathione to give HNE-GSH prevents the formation of DNA adducts with 4-HNE.8,9 In human polymorphonuclear leukocytes, HNE-GSH is metabolized to 1,4-dihydroxynonene glutathione (DHN-GSH), 4-hydroxynonenoic acid glutathione (HNA-GSH), and 4-hydroxy nonenal mercapturic acid (HNE-MA).3 |
| 别名 | 4-HNE-GSH-d3; |
| 供应商 | Cayman |
| 应用文献 | |
| 1.Pryor, W.A., and Porter, N.A. Suggested mechanisms for the production of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal from the autoxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Free Radical Biology & Medicine 8, 541-543 (1990). 2.Esterbauer, H.,Schaur, R.J., and Zoliner, H. Chemistry and biochemistry of 4-hydroxynonenal, malonaldehyde, and related aldehydes. Free Radical Biology & Medicine 11, 81-128 (1991). 3.Siems, W.,Crifo, C.,Capuozzo, E., et al. Metabolism of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 503, 248-252 (2010). 4.Laurent, A.,Alary, J.,Debrauwer, L., et al. Analysis in the rat of 4-hydroxynonenal metabolites excreted in bile: Evidence of enterohepatic circulation of these byproducts of lipid peroxidation. Chemical Research in Toxicology 12, 887-894 (1999). 5.Siems, W., and Grune, T. Intracellular metabolism of 4-hydroxynonenal. Mol.Aspects Med. 24, 167-175 (2003). 6.Alary, J.,Fernandez, Y.,Debrauwer, L., et al. Identification of intermediate pathways of 4-hydroxynonenal metabolism in the rat. Chemical Research in Toxicology 16, 320-327 (2003). 7.Völkel, W.,Alvarez-Sánchez, R.,Weick, I., et al. Glutathione conjugates of 4-hydroxy-2(E)-nonenal as biomarkers of hepatic oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation in rats. Free Radical Biology & Medicine 38, 1526-1536 (2005). 8.King, A.O.,Corley, E.G.,Anderson, R.K., et al. An efficient synthesis of LTD4 antagonist L-699,392. The Journal of Organic Chemistry 58, 3731-3735 (1993). 9.Falletti, O.,Cadet, J.,Favier, A., et al. Trapping of 4-hydroxynonenal by glutathione efficiently prevents formation of DNA adducts in human cells. Free Radical Biology & Medicine 42, 1258-1269 (2007). | |
| 运输条件 | Wet ice in continental US; may vary elsewhere |
| 存放说明 | -20 |
| 纯度 | ≥99% deuterated forms (d1-d3) |
| 计算分子量 | 580.6 |
| 分子式 | C19H30D3N3O8S • CF3COOH |
| 稳定性 | ≥ 2 years |
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