| 货号 | 15208-10mg |
| 描述 | The naturally-occurring estrogens are estrone (E1, Item No. 10006485), estradiol (E2, Item No. 10006315), and estriol (E3, Item No. 10006484).1 16α-hydroxy Estrone (16α-OHE1) is a hydroxylated metabolite of E1 as well as an interconversion product with E2.2,3E1 is 16α-hydroxylated by cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms, including CYP1A1, CYP3A5, CYP3A4, and CYP3A7, with CYP3A5 being breast-specific.4 16α-OHE1 is sulphatized or glucuronidated before excretion.4 It is increased in rheumatoid arthritis and decreased by physical activity.2,3 Unlike the parent estrogens and other hydroxylated metabolites of E1, 16α-OHE1 binds covalently and persistently activates estrogen receptors.5 In addition, this metabolite increases cell proliferation and does not suppress TNF-α secretion, whereas other estrogen metabolites are not pro-proliferative and have marked effects on TNF-α secretion.2,4 The levels of 16α-OHE1 are increased in some forms of hormone therapy.6 Because hormone therapy increases breast cancer risk, 16α-OHE1 has been implicated as a risk factor for breast cancer, although supportive data remains elusive.7,4,6 |
| 别名 | 16α-OHE1; |
| 供应商 | Cayman |
| 应用文献 | |
| 1.Gruber, C.J.,Tschugguel, W.,Schneeberger, C., et al. Production and actions of estrogens. New England Journal of Medicine 346(5), 340-352 (2002). 2.Cutolo, M.,Sulli, A. and Straub, R.H. Estrogen metabolism and autoimmunity. Autoimmun.Rev. 11(6-7), A460-A464 (2012). 3.Matthews, C.E.,Fortner, R.T.,Xu, X., et al. Association between physical activity and urinary estrogens and estrogen metabolites in premenopausal women. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 97(10), 3724-3733 (2012). 4.Obi, N.,Wrieling, A.,Heinz, J., et al. Estrogen metabolite ratio: Is the 2-hydroxyestrone to 16α-hydroxyestrone ratio predictive for breast cancer? Int.J.Womens Health 3, 37-51 (2011). 5.Swaneck, G.E. and Fishman, J. Covalent binding of the endogenous estrogen 16α-hydroxyestrone to estradiol receptor in human breast cancer cells: Characterization and intranuclear localization. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 85(21), 7831-7835 (1988). 6.Mackey, R.H.,Fanelli, T.J.,Modugno, F., et al. Hormone therapy, estrogen metabolism, and risk of breast cancer in the women’s health initiative hormone therapy trial. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 21(11), 2022-2032 (2012). 7.Okobia, M.N. and Bunker, C.H. Estrogen metabolism and breast cancer risk: A review. Afr.J.Reprod.Health 10(1), 13-25 (2006). | |
| 运输条件 | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere |
| 存放说明 | -20 |
| 纯度 | ≥98% |
| 计算分子量 | 286.4 |
| 分子式 | C18H22O3 |
| CAS号 | 566-76-7 |
| 稳定性 | ≥ 2 years |
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