| 货号 | 16725-500mg |
| 描述 | 3-Guanidinopropionic acid is a creatine analog that alters skeletal muscle energy expenditure. It reduces cellular ATP, creatine, and phosphocreatine levels and stimulates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), activating PPARγ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α).1,2,3,4 PGC-1α activation results in enhanced expression of AMPK, as well as genes for oxidative phosphorylation, electron transport chain, and mitochondrial biogenesis, increasing oxidative muscle fibers, numbers of mitochondria, and motor performance.1,5 3-Guanidinopropionic acid evokes a shift from glycolytic to oxidative metabolism, increased cellular glucose uptake, and increased fatigue tolerance.2 In aged rats, reduced mitochondrial biogenesis in response to chronic activation of AMPK with 3-guanidinopropionic acid leads to metabolic insufficiency that can contribute to muscle loss.6,5 |
| 别名 | β-GPA;PNU 10483; |
| 供应商 | Cayman |
| 应用文献 | |
| 1.Chaturvedi, R.K.,Adhihetty, P.,Shukla, S., et al. Impaired PGC-1α function in muscle in Huntington’s disease. Human Molecular Genetics 18(16), 3048-3065 (2009). 2.Oudman, I.,Clark, J.F. and Brewster, L.M. The effect of the creatine analogueβguanidinopropionic acid on energy metabolism: A systematic review. PLoS One 8(1), 1-13 (2013). 3.Shoubridge, E.A.,Challiss, R.A.J.,Hayes, D.J., et al. Biochemical adaptation in the skeletal muscle of rats depleted of creatine with the substrate analogue β-guanidinopropionic acid. Biochemistry Journal 232(1), 125-131 (1985). 4.Boehm, E.,Chan, S.,Monfared, M., et al. Creatine transporter activity and content in the rat heart supplemented by and depleted of creatine. American Journal of Physiology.Endocrinology and Metabolism 284(2), E399-E406 (2003). 5.Reznick, R.M.,Zong, H.,Li, J., et al. Aging-associated reductions in AMP-activated protein kinase activity and mitochondrial biogenesis. Cell Metabolism 5(2), 151-156 (2007). 6.Herbst, A.,Johnson, C.J.,Hynes, K., et al. Mitochondrial biogenesis drives a vicious cycle of metabolic insufficiency and mitochondrial DNA deletion mutation accumulation in aged rat skeletal muscle fibers. PLoS One 8(3), 1-8 (2013). | |
| 运输条件 | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere |
| 存放说明 | -20 |
| 纯度 | ≥98% |
| 计算分子量 | 131.1 |
| 分子式 | C4H9N3O2 |
| CAS号 | 353-09-3 |
| 稳定性 | ≥ 2 years |
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