| Known as | Interleukin-31; IL-31; IL31 |
|---|---|
| Derived from | E.coli |
| Purity | Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. |
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20mM PB, 150mM NaCl, pH 7.4. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. |
| Storage | Lyophilized protein should be stored at < -20°C, though stable at room temperature for 3 weeks.Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 4-7°C for 2-7 days.Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at < -20°C for 3 months |
| Reconstitution | Always centrifuge tubes before opening. Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in ddH2O. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Endotoxin | Less than 0.1 ng/ug (1 IEU/ug) as determined by LAL test. |
| Background | Human Interleukin 31 (IL-31) is a cytokine containing a four-helix bundle structure. It shares several structural and functional characteristics with IL-6, Oncostatin M, LIF, and Cardiotrophin-1. Human IL-31 cDNA encodes a 164 amino acid precursor that contains a 23 amino acid signal peptide and a 141 amino acid mature protein. Human and mouse IL-31 share 24% sequence identity in the mature region. IL-31 is mainly associated with activated T cells and is preferentially expressed by type 2 helper T cells (Th2). IL-31 signals via a heterodimeric receptor complex composed of a gp130 related molecule termed IL-31RA (also GPL and GLMR) and an Oncostatin M receptor (OSM Rβ). The IL-31 receptor is constitutively expressed by keratinocytes and upregulated by IFNγ on monocytes. GPL/OSMR signaling is a strong activator of STAT3 and STAT5, and can also activate STAT1, Jak1, and Jak2 signaling pathways. IL-31 regulated immune responses have been implicated in skin physiology and inflammatory skin diseases. Studies have shown that IL31 induces severe pruritis (itching) and dermatitis in transgenic mice. |
实验案例