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Rat TNF-alpha Quantikine ELISA Kit, 2 Plate (1 KT)

货号: RTA00 基本售价: 8913.1 元 规格: 1 KIT

产品信息

概述
货号RTA00
描述The Quantikine Rat TNF-alpha Immunoassay is a 4.5 hour solid phase ELISA designed to measure rat TNF-alpha levels in cell culture supernates, serum, and plasma. It contains E. coli-expressed recombinant rat TNF-alpha and antibodies raised against the recombinant factor. This immunoassay has been shown to quantitate the recombinant rat TNF-alpha accurately. Results obtained using natural rat TNF-alpha showed dose response curves that were parallel to the standard curves obtained using the recombinant kit standards. These results indicate that this kit can be used to determine relative mass values for natural rat TNF-alpha.
别名APC1 protein; Cachectin; Cachetin; DIF; TNF; TNF, monocyte-derived; tnfa; tnf-a; TNF-alphacachectin; TNFATNF, macrophage-derived; TNFSF1A; TNFSF2; TNFSF2TNF superfamily, member 2; tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2); tumor necrosis factor alpha; Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2; tumor necrosis factor; tumor necrosis factor-alpha;
全称
Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha
反应种属Rat
目标/特异性Natural and recombinant rat TNF-alpha
性能
供应商R&D Systems
检测类型Solid Phase Sandwich ELISA
Entrez Gene IDs
7124 (Human); 21926 (Mouse); 24835 (Rat); 397086 (Porcine); 280943 (Bovine); 403922 (Canine); 100033834 (Equine); 493755 (Feline); 100009088 (Rabbit)
应用文献
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

Chronic Cognitive Dysfunction after Traumatic Brain Injury Is Improved with a Phosphodiesterase 4B Inhibitor
J Neurosci, 2016;36(27):7095-108.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homgenates

Melatonin attenuates the TLR4-mediated inflammatory response through MyD88- and TRIF-dependent signaling pathways in an in vivo model of ovarian cancer.
Authors: Chuffa L, Fioruci-Fontanelli B, Mendes L, Ferreira Seiva F, Martinez M, Favaro W, Domeniconi R, Pinheiro P, Delazari Dos Santos L, Martinez F
BMC Cancer, 2015;15(0):34.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Supernate

Xanthine oxidase inhibition alleviates the cardiac complications of insulin resistance: effect on low grade inflammation and the angiotensin system.
Authors: El-Bassossy H, Watson M
J Transl Med, 2015;13(0):82.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Co-Administration of Cholesterol-Lowering Probiotics and Anthraquinone from Cassia obtusifolia L. Ameliorate Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver.
Authors: Mei L, Tang Y, Li M, Yang P, Liu Z, Yuan J, Zheng P
PLoS ONE, 2015;10(9):e0138078.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Ameliorative effect of allopurinol on vascular complications of insulin resistance.
Authors: El-Bassossy H, Elberry A, Azhar A, Ghareib S, Alahdal A
J Diabetes Res, 2015;2015(0):178540.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

IL-17A is implicated in lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in aged rats via microglial activation.
Authors: Sun J, Zhang S, Zhang X, Zhang X, Dong H, Qian Y
J Neuroinflammation, 2015;12(0):165.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Rhamnogalacturonan from Acmella oleracea (L.) R.K. Jansen: gastroprotective and ulcer healing properties in rats.
Authors: Maria-Ferreira D, da Silva L, Mendes D, Cabrini D, Nascimento A, Iacomini M, Cipriani T, Santos A, Werner M, Baggio C
PLoS ONE, 2014;9(1):e84762.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Supernate

Melatonin synergized with cyclosporine A improves cardiac allograft survival by suppressing inflammation and apoptosis.
Authors: Liu C, Hong T, Shao M, Chen Z, Wang C
Mol Med Rep, 2014;10(3):1323-8.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Improving membrane based multiplex immunoassays for semi-quantitative detection of multiple cytokines in a single sample.
Authors: Altara, Raffaele, Manca, Marco, Hessel, Marleen, Janssen, Ben J, Struijker-Boudier, Harry H, Hermans, Rob J J, Blankesteijn, W Matthi
BMC Biotechnol, 2014;14(0):63.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Positional isomers of aspirin are equally potent in inhibiting colon cancer cell growth: differences in mode of cyclooxygenase inhibition.
Authors: Kodela R, Chattopadhyay M, Goswami S, Gan Z, Rao P, Nia K, Velazquez-Martinez C, Kashfi K
J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2013;345(1):85-94.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Plasma

Mechanical ventilation enhances HMGB1 expression in an LPS-induced lung injury model.
Authors: Ding N, Wang F, Xiao H, Xu L, She S
PLoS ONE, 2013;8(9):e74633.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: BALF

A short course of infusion of a hydrogen sulfide-donor attenuates endotoxemia induced organ injury via stimulation of anti-inflammatory pathways, with no additional protection from prolonged infusion.
Cytokine, 2013;61(2):614-21.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: BALF

Cerebral ischemia is exacerbated by extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase via a non-enzymatic mechanism.
Authors: Zhao B, Zhang M, Han X, Zhang X, Xing Q, Dong X, Shi Q, Huang P, Lu Y, Wei E, Xia Q, Zhang W, Tang C
PLoS ONE, 2013;8(12):e85403.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernates

Suppression of neuroinflammatory and apoptotic signaling cascade by curcumin alone and in combination with piperine in rat model of olfactory bulbectomy induced depression.
Authors: Rinwa P, Kumar A, Garg S
PLoS ONE, 2013;8(4):e61052.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

Medium-chain fatty acid-sensing receptor, GPR84, is a proinflammatory receptor.
Authors: Suzuki M, Takaishi S, Nagasaki M, Onozawa Y, Iino I, Maeda H, Komai T, Oda T
J Biol Chem, 2013;288(15):10684-91.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 5, a target molecule of vialinin A, is a key molecule of TNF-alpha production in RBL-2H3 cells.
Authors: Yoshioka Y, Ye Y, Okada K, Taniguchi K, Yoshida A, Sugaya K, Onose J, Koshino H, Takahashi S, Yajima A, Yajima S, Abe N
PLoS ONE, 2013;8(12):e80931.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: whole cells

Keratinocyte expression of inflammatory mediators plays a crucial role in substance P-induced acute and chronic pain.
J Neuroinflammation, 2012;9(0):181.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

The effects of low-dose ionizing radiation in the activated rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) mast cells.
Authors: Joo H, Nam S, Yang K, Kim C, Jin Y, Kim J
J Biol Chem, 2012;287(33):27789-95.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernates

Anti-inflammatory effects of FTY720 do not prevent neuronal cell loss in a rat model of optic neuritis.
Authors: Rau CR, Hein K, Sattler MB, Kretzschmar B, Hillgruber C, McRae BL, Diem R, Bahr M
Am. J. Pathol., 2012;178(4):1770-81.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

Glial tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) generates metaplastic inhibition of spinal learning.
Authors: Huie JR, Baumbauer KM, Lee KH, Bresnahan JC, Beattie MS, Ferguson AR, Grau JW
PLoS ONE, 2012;7(6):e39751.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

House dust mite induces direct airway inflammation in vivo: implications for future disease therapy?
Authors: De Alba J, Raemdonck K, Dekkak A, Collins M, Wong S, Nials AT, Knowles RG, Belvisi MG, Birrell MA
Eur. Respir. J., 2010;35(6):1377-87.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: BALF

Vipera aspis venom reduces lethality and down-regulates tumor necrosis factor-alpha in a rat model of LPS-induced sepsis.
Authors: Frolkis I, Klein Y, Locker C, Adi N, Dahan E, Uretzsky G, Shapira I, Sorkine P
Cytokine, 2010;49(3):319-24.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Systemic effects of ulna loading in male rats during functional adaptation.
Authors: Sample SJ, Collins RJ, Wilson AP, Racette MA, Behan M, Markel MD, Kalscheur VL, Hao Z, Muir P
J. Bone Miner. Res., 2010;25(9):2016-28.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Plasma

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha participates in apoptosis in the limbic system after myocardial infarction.
Authors: Kaloustian S, Bah TM, Rondeau I, Mathieu S, Lada-Moldovan L, Ryvlin P, Godbout R, Rousseau G
Apoptosis, 2009;0(0):.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Plasma

Hypercapnic acidosis attenuates shock and lung injury in early and prolonged systemic sepsis.
Authors: Costello J, Higgins B, Contreras M, Chonghaile MN, Hassett P, OToole D, Laffey JG
Crit. Care Med., 2009;37(8):2412-20.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: BALF

Mechanism of hepatoprotection in proestrus female rats following trauma-hemorrhage: heme oxygenase-1-derived normalization of hepatic inflammatory responses.
Authors: Yang S, Hu S, Chen J, Choudhry MA, Rue LW, Bland KI, Chaudry IH
J. Leukoc. Biol., 2009;85(6):1015-26.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Protease-activated receptor 2 blocking peptide counteracts endotoxin-induced inflammation and coagulation and ameliorates renal fibrin deposition in a rat model of acute renal failure.
Authors: Jesmin S, Gando S, Zaedi S, Prodhan SH, Sawamura A, Miyauchi T, Hiroe M, Yamaguchi N
Shock, 2009;32(6):626-32.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Plasma

Effects of an antagonist of the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor in an animal model of uveitis.
Authors: Pereira DV, Steckert AV, Mina F, Petronilho F, Roesler R, Schwartsmann G, Ritter C, Dal-Pizzol F
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 2009;50(11):5300-3.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Aqueous humor

Role of sensory innervation in the rat pulmonary neutrophil recruitment induced by staphylococcal enterotoxins type A and B.
Authors: Desouza IA, Camargo EA, Mariano NS, Optiz-Neto JB, Resende JS, Mello GC, Costa SK, De Nucci G, Antunes E
Eur. J. Pharmacol., 2009;613(1):128-34.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernates

4-thiouridine induces dose-dependent reduction of oedema, leucocyte influx and tumour necrosis factor in lung inflammation.
Authors: Evaldsson C, Ryden I, Rosen A, Uppugunduri S
Clin. Exp. Immunol., 2009;155(2):330-8.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: BALF

In vivo Angiotensin II AT1 receptor blockade selectively inhibits LPS-induced innate immune response and ACTH release in rat pituitary gland.
Authors: Sanchez-Lemus E, Benicky J, Pavel J, Saavedra JM
Brain Behav. Immun., 2009;23(7):945-57.

Substance P acts via the neurokinin receptor 1 to elicit bronchoconstriction, oxidative stress, and upregulated ICAM-1 expression after oil smoke exposure.
Authors: Li PC, Chen WC, Chang LC, Lin SC
Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol., 2008;294(5):L912-20.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: BALF

Role of central beta-adrenergic receptors in regulating proinflammatory cytokine responses to a peripheral bacterial challenge.
Authors: Johnson JD, Cortez V, Kennedy SL, Foley TE, Hanson H, Fleshner M
Brain Behav. Immun., 2008;22(7):1078-86.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Plasma

Antithrombin inhibits bronchoalveolar activation of coagulation and limits lung injury during Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia in rats.
Authors: Choi G, Hofstra JJ, Roelofs JJ, Rijneveld AW, Bresser P, van der Zee JS, Florquin S, van der Poll T, Levi M, Schultz MJ
Crit. Care Med., 2008;36(1):204-10.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: BALF

Effects of the immunomodulator, VGX-1027, in endotoxin-induced uveitis in Lewis rats.
Authors: Mangano K, Sardesai NY, Quattrocchi C, Mazzon E, Cuzzocrea S, Bendtzen K, Meroni PL, Kim JJ, Nicoletti F
Br. J. Pharmacol., 2008;155(5):722-30.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Aqueous humor

5-aminosalicylic acid improves indomethacin-induced enteropathy by inhibiting iNOS transcription in rats.
Authors: Nandi J, Saud B, Zinkievich JM, Palma DT, Levine RA
Dig. Dis. Sci., 2007;53(1):123-32.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Comprehensive gene expression profiling of rat lung reveals distinct acute and chronic responses to cigarette smoke inhalation.
Authors: Stevenson CS, Docx C, Webster R, Battram C, Hynx D, Giddings J, Cooper PR, Chakravarty P, Rahman I, Marwick JA, Kirkham PA, Charman C, Richardson DL, Nirmala NR, Whittaker P, Butler K
Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol., 2007;293(5):L1183-93.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: BALF

Changes of gene expression of iron regulatory proteins during turpentine oil-induced acute-phase response in the rat.
Authors: Sheikh N, Dudas J, Ramadori G
Lab. Invest., 2007;87(7):713-25.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Role of sex steroids in modulating tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced changes in vascular function and blood pressure.
Authors: LaMarca BD, Chandler DL, Grubbs L, Bain J, McLemore GR, Granger JP, Ryan MJ
Am. J. Hypertens., 2007;20(11):1216-21.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Expression of the mu opioid receptor in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transgenic rat model.
Authors: Chang SL, Beltran JA, Swarup S
J. Virol., 2007;81(16):8406-11.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

The arthritis severity quantitative trait loci Cia4 and Cia6 regulate neutrophil migration into inflammatory sites and levels of TNF-alpha and nitric oxide.
Authors: Laragione T, Yarlett NC, Brenner M, Mello A, Sherry B, Miller EJ, Metz CN, Gulko PS
J. Immunol., 2007;178(4):2344-51.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Air Pouch Exudate

Cell-based angiopoietin-1 gene therapy for acute lung injury.
Authors: McCarter SD, Mei SH, Lai PF, Zhang QW, Parker CH, Suen RS, Hood RD, Zhao YD, Deng Y, Han RN, Dumont DJ, Stewart DJ
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 2007;175(10):1014-26.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: BALF

Natural anticoagulants limit lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary coagulation but not inflammation.
Authors: Choi G, Vlaar AP, Schouten M, Vant Veer C, van der Poll T, Levi M, Schultz MJ
Eur. Respir. J., 2007;30(3):423-8.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

Triamcinolone acetonide protects the rat retina from STZ-induced acute inflammation and early vascular leakage.
Authors: Kim YH, Choi MY, Kim YS, Park CH, Lee JH, Chung IY, Yoo JM, Choi WS, Cho GJ, Kang SS
Life Sci., 2007;81(14):1167-73.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

Interleukin-6 mediates low-threshold mechanical allodynia induced by intrathecal HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120.
Authors: Schoeniger-Skinner DK, Ledeboer A, Frank MG, Milligan ED, Poole S, Martin D, Maier SF, Watkins LR
Brain Behav. Immun., 2007;21(5):660-7.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: CSF

Bacterial translocation is downregulated by anti-TNF-alpha monoclonal antibody administration in rats with cirrhosis and ascites.
Authors: Frances R, Chiva M, Sanchez E, Gonzalez-Navajas JM, Llovet T, Zapater P, Soriano G, Munoz C, Balanzo J, Perez-Mateo M, Song XY, Guarner C, Such J
J. Hepatol., 2007;46(5):797-803.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Anti-rat soluble IL-6 receptor antibody down-regulates cardiac IL-6 and improves cardiac function following trauma-hemorrhage.
Authors: Yang S, Hu S, Choudhry MA, Rue LW, Bland KI, Chaudry IH
J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol., 2007;42(3):620-30.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Plasma

Prothymosin alpha lacking the nuclear localization signal as an effective gene therapeutic strategy in collagen-induced arthritis.
Authors: Shiau AL, Chen SY, Chang MY
J. Immunol., 2007;178(7):4688-94.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

In the adult mesenchymal stem cell population, source gender is a biologically relevant aspect of protective power.
Authors: Crisostomo PR, Markel TA, Wang M, Lahm T, Lillemoe KD, Meldrum DR
Surgery, 2007;142(2):215-21.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernates

Doxycycline reduces mortality and injury to the brain and cochlea in experimental pneumococcal meningitis.
Authors: Meli DN, Coimbra RS, Erhart DG, Loquet G, Bellac CL, Tauber MG, Neumann U, Leib SL
Infect. Immun., 2006;74(7):3890-6.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: CSF

P2Y1 receptor-evoked glutamate exocytosis from astrocytes: control by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and prostaglandins.
Authors: Domercq M, Brambilla L, Pilati E, Marchaland J, Volterra A, Bezzi P
J. Biol. Chem., 2006;281(41):30684-96.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernates

Anti-inflammatory effects of inhaled nitric oxide are optimized at lower oxygen concentration in experimental Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia.
Authors: Sun Z, Sun B, Wang X, Wang W, Zhu L
Inflamm. Res., 2006;55(10):430-40.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

Glucosamine administration during resuscitation improves organ function after trauma hemorrhage.
Authors: Yang S, Zou LY, Bounelis P, Chaudry I, Chatham JC, Marchase RB
Shock, 2006;25(6):600-7.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Resuscitation from experimental heatstroke by estrogen therapy.
Authors: Chen SH, Chang FM, Niu KC, Lin MY, Lin MT
Crit. Care Med., 2006;34(4):1113-8.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Biomarker and drug-target discovery using proteomics in a new rat model of sepsis-induced acute renal failure.
Authors: Holly MK, Dear JW, Hu X, Schechter AN, Gladwin MT, Hewitt SM, Yuen PS, Star RA
Kidney Int., 2006;70(3):496-506.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Effects of gabexate mesilate on serum inflammatory cytokines in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis.
Authors: Chen CC, Wang SS, Tsay SH, Lee FY, Lu RH, Chang FY, Lee SD
Cytokine, 2006;33(2):95-9.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Suppression of autoimmune retinal disease by lovastatin does not require Th2 cytokine induction.
Authors: Gegg ME, Harry R, Hankey D, Zambarakji H, Pryce G, Baker D, Adamson P, Calder V, Greenwood J
J. Immunol., 2005;174(4):2327-35.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernates

Interleukin-10 aerosol reduces proinflammatory mediators in bronchoalveolar fluid of endotoxemic rat.
Authors: Hofstetter C, Flondor M, Hoegl S, Muhl H, Zwissler B
Crit. Care Med., 2005;33(10):2317-22.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: BALF

Prophylactic adenovirus-mediated human kallistatin gene therapy suppresses rat arthritis by inhibiting angiogenesis and inflammation.
Authors: Wang CR, Chen SY, Wu CL, Liu MF, Jin YT, Chao L, Chao J
Arthritis Rheum., 2005;52(4):1319-24.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

Effects of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, an NF-kappaB inhibitor, on cytokine expression and ocular inflammation in experimental autoimmune anterior uveitis.
Authors: Fang IM, Yang CH, Lin CP, Yang CM, Chen MS
J Ocul Pharmacol Ther, 2005;21(2):95-106.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Aqueous humor

Developmental changes induced by graded prenatal systemic hypoxic-ischemic insults in rats.
Authors: Robinson S, Petelenz K, Li Q, Cohen ML, Dechant A, Tabrizi N, Bucek M, Lust D, Miller RH
Neurobiol. Dis., 2005;18(3):568-81.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

Oral (gavage), in utero and post-natal exposure of Sprague-Dawley rats to low doses of tributyltin chloride. Part II: effects on the immune system.
Authors: Tryphonas H, Cooke G, Caldwell D, Bondy G, Parenteau M, Hayward S, Pulido O
Food Chem. Toxicol., 2004;42(2):221-35.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Gene transfer of tumor necrosis factor inhibitor improves the function of lung allografts.
Authors: Tagawa T, Kozower BD, Kanaan SA, Daddi N, Muraoka M, Oka T, Ritter JH, Patterson GA
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., 2004;127(6):1558-63.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

Insulin treatment improves hepatic morphology and function through modulation of hepatic signals after severe trauma.
Authors: Schubert T, Horch RE
Ann. Surg., 2004;240(2):340-9.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

Tumor necrosis factor alpha expression and protein levels after fluid percussion injury in rats: the effect of injury severity and brain temperature.
Authors: Vitarbo EA, Chatzipanteli K, Kinoshita K, Truettner JS, Alonso OF, Dietrich WD
Neurosurgery, 2004;55(2):416-24; discu.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Serum

Ameliorating effects of the immunomodulator 3-(2-ethylphenyl)-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole in an experimental model of colitis in the rat.
Authors: Stasi MA, Ruggiero V, Ursillo A, Taurelli R, Agliano M, Weber E, Lorenzoni P, Sorrentino V, Pacifici L, Carminati P
Eur. J. Pharmacol., 2004;494(2):263-72.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

Anti-inflammatory effects of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone against rat endotoxin-induced uveitis and the time course of inflammatory agents in aqueous humor.
Authors: Nishida T, Miyata S, Itoh Y, Mizuki N, Ohgami K, Shiratori K, Ilieva IB, Ohno S, Taylor AW
Int. Immunopharmacol., 2004;4(8):1059-66.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Aqueous humor

Differential cytokine response in interstitial fluid in skin and serum during experimental inflammation in rats.
Authors: Nedrebo T, Reed RK, Jonsson R, Berg A, Wiig H
J. Physiol. (Lond.), 2004;556(0):193-202.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Interstitial Fluid

Insulin attenuates the systemic inflammatory response in endotoxemic rats.
Authors: Jeschke MG, Klein D, Bolder U, Einspanier R
Endocrinology, 2004;145(9):4084-93.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates

HIV-1 gp120 stimulates proinflammatory cytokine-mediated pain facilitation via activation of nitric oxide synthase-I (nNOS).
Authors: Holguin A, O'Connor KA, Biedenkapp J, Campisi J, Wieseler-Frank J, Milligan ED, Hansen MK, Spataro L, Maksimova E, Bravmann C, Martin D, Fleshner M, Maier SF, Watkins LR
Pain, 2004;110(3):517-30.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: CSF

Alveolar macrophage cytotoxicity for normal lung fibroblasts is mediated by nitric oxide release.
Authors: Morgan DL, Shines CJ
Toxicol In Vitro, 2004;18(1):139-46.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernates

A method for measuring multiple cytokines from small samples.
Authors: O'Connor KA
Brain Behav. Immun., 2004;18(3):274-80.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: CSF

Differential expression of cytokine genes and inducible nitric oxide synthase induced by opacity phenotype variants of Streptococcus pneumoniae during acute otitis media in the rat.
Authors: Long JP, Tong HH, Shannon PA, DeMaria TF
Infect. Immun., 2003;71(10):5531-40.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: middle ear effusion

Differential effects of ebselen on neutrophil recruitment, chemokine, and inflammatory mediator expression in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary inflammation.
Authors: Haddad el-B, McCluskie K, Birrell MA, Dabrowski D, Pecoraro M, Underwood S, Chen B, De Sanctis GT, Webber SE, Foster ML, Belvisi MG
J. Immunol., 2002;169(2):974-82.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: BALF

Iron intake increases infarct volume after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.
Authors: Castellanos M, Puig N, Carbonell T, Castillo J, Martinez J, Rama R, Davalos A
Brain Res., 2002;952(1):1-6.

Recipient intramuscular cotransfection of naked plasmid transforming growth factor beta1 and interleukin 10 ameliorates lung graft ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Authors: D'Ovidio F
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., 2002;124(2):259-69.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Lung Lavage

Gene transfer of transforming growth factor-beta1 to the rat peritoneum: effects on membrane function.
Authors: Margetts PJ, Kolb M, Galt T, Hoff CM, Shockley TR, Gauldie J
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., 2001;12(10):2029-39.
Species: Rat
Sample Type: Peritoneal Fluid

生物活性< 0.5% cross-reactivity observed with available related molecules.< 50% cross-species reactivity observed with species tested.
背景

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), also known as cachectin and TNFSF2, is the prototypic ligand of the TNF superfamily. It is a pleiotropic molecule that plays a central role in inflammation, apoptosis, and immune system development. TNF-α is produced by a wide variety of immune and epithelial cell types. Human TNF-α consists of a 35 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 177 aa extracellular domain (ECD). Within the ECD, human TNF-α shares 97% aa sequence identity with rhesus and 71% - 92% with bovine, canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, mouse, porcine, and rat TNF-α. The 26 kDa type 2 transmembrane protein is assembled intracellularly to form a noncovalently linked homotrimer. Ligation of this complex induces reverse signaling that promotes lymphocyte costimulation but diminishes monocyte responsiveness.

Cleavage of membrane bound TNF-α by TACE/ADAM17 releases a 55 kDa soluble trimeric form of TNF-α. TNF-α trimers bind the ubiquitous TNF RI and the hematopoietic cell-restricted TNF RII, both of which are also expressed as homotrimers. TNF-α regulates lymphoid tissue development through control of apoptosis. It also promotes inflammatory responses by inducing the activation of vascular endothelial cells and macrophages. TNF-α is a key cytokine in the development of several inflammatory disorders. It contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes through its effects on insulin resistance and fatty acid metabolism.

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参考文献
  • Adipocytokines
  • Cancer Biomarkers
  • Conventional/Classical Dendritic Cells
  • Co-stimulatory and Co-inhibitory Molecules
  • Cytokines and Receptors in Allergy and Asthma
  • Cytokines and Receptors in Angiogenesis
  • Cytokines in Lipid/Cholesterol Metabolism
  • Diabetes
  • Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
  • EMT Induction
  • gamma delta T Cells
  • ICC / IHC Images: TNF-alpha
  • Inflammatory Mediators
  • Inflammatory/Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells
  • Interactive Pathway: Adipocytokines & Insulin Signaling
  • Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Natural Killer Cells
  • Macrophage Activation Markers
  • Natural Killer T (NKT) Cells
  • Neuroinflammation
  • Obesity
  • Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells
  • Preeclampsia
  • Regulation of Apoptosis by TNF Superfamily Members
  • Regulation of Natural Killer Cell Co-stimulation by TNF Superfamily Members
  • Regulation of T Cell Co-stimulation by TNF Superfamily Members
  • T Cell Cytokine Signaling
  • Technical Notes: R&D Systems Is With You Every Step of the Way - Analyzing Proteins of Interest
  • Th1 Cells
  • Th22 Cells
  • TNF Superfamily Ligands