| 货号 | 240AF-GMP-010 |
| 简介 | Animal Component Free Process |
| 别名 | CEDLAP; DPD1; latency-associated peptide; TGFB; TGFB1; TGF-beta 1 protein; TGFbeta 1; TGF-beta 1; TGFbeta; TGF-beta-1; transforming growth factor beta-1; transforming growth factor, beta 1 | 全称 | Transforming Growth Factor beta 1 |
| 来源 | Spodoptera frugiperda,Sf 9 (baculovirus)-derived Ala279-Ser390 Accession # P01137 Produced in an animal component free process (ACFP). |
| 产品组分 |
| 供应商 | R&D Systems |
| Entrez Gene IDs | 7040 (Human); 21803 (Mouse); 59086 (Rat); 397078 (Porcine); 100033900 (Equine) |
| 内毒素水平 | <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method. |
| 生物活性 | Measured by its ability to inhibit the IL-4-dependent proliferation of HT‑2 mouse T cells. Tsang, M. et al. (1995) Cytokine 7:389. The ED50 for this effect is 0.04-0.2 ng/mL. The specific activity of Recombinant Human TGF-beta 1 GMP is approximately 2.5 x 104 U/μg, which is calibrated against human TGF‑ beta 1 Standard (NIBSC code: 89/514). |
| 溶解方法 | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in 4 mM HCl. |
| 背景 | TGF-beta 1 (transforming growth factor beta 1) is one of three closely related mammalian members of the large TGF-beta superfamily that share a characteristic cystine knot structure (1-7). TGF-beta 1, -2 and -3 are highly pleiotropic cytokines that are proposed to act as cellular switches that regulate processes such as immune function, proliferation and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (1-4). Each TGF-beta isoform has some non‑redundant functions; for TGF-beta 1, mice with targeted deletion show defects in hematopoiesis and endothelial differentiation, and die of overwhelming inflammation (2). Human TGF-beta 1 cDNA encodes a 390 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 29 aa signal peptide and a 361 aa proprotein (8). A furin‑like convertase processes the proprotein to generate an N‑terminal 249 aa latency‑associated peptide (LAP) and a C‑terminal 112 aa mature TGF-beta 1 (8, 9). Disulfide‑linked homodimers of LAP and TGF-beta 1 remain non‑covalently associated after secretion, forming the small latent TGF-beta 1 complex (8-10). Covalent linkage of LAP to one of three latent TGF‑ beta binding proteins (LTBPs) creates a large latent complex that may interact with the extracellular matrix (9, 10). TGF-beta is activated from latency by pathways that include actions of the protease plasmin, matrix metalloproteases, thrombospondin 1 and a subset of integrins (10). Mature human TGF-beta 1 shares 100% aa identity with pig, dog and cow TGF-beta 1, and 99% aa identity with mouse, rat and horse TGF‑ beta 1. It demonstrates cross-species activity (1). TGF-beta 1 signaling begins with high‑affinity binding to a type II ser/thr kinase receptor termed TGF-beta RII. This receptor then phosphorylates and activates a second ser/thr kinase receptor, TGF-beta RI (also called activin receptor-like kinase (ALK) -5), or alternatively, ALK‑1. This complex phosphorylates and activates Smad proteins that regulate transcription (3, 11, 12). Contributions of the accessory receptors betaglycan (also known as TGF-beta RIII) and endoglin, or use of Smad‑independent signaling pathways, allow for disparate actions observed in response to TGF-beta in different contexts (11). |
| 运输条件 | Blue Ice |
| 预期分子量 | 12.8 kDa (monomer) |
| SDS-PAGE | 11 kDa, reducing conditions |
| 存放说明 | -20℃ |
| 纯度 | >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining. |
| 参考文献 |
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GMP-grade Recombinant Human TGF-beta 1 (Catalog # 240AF-GMP)inhibits Recombinant Mouse IL‑4 (Catalog # 404-ML) induced proliferation in the HT-2mouse T cell line. The ED50 for this effect is 0.04-0.2 ng/mL. |
