| 货号 | BT210-010 |
| 别名 | APC1 protein; Cachectin; Cachetin; DIF; TNF; TNF, monocyte-derived; tnfa; tnf-a; TNF-alphacachectin; TNFATNF, macrophage-derived; TNFSF1A; TNFSF2; TNFSF2TNF superfamily, member 2; tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2); tumor necrosis factor alpha; Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2; tumor necrosis factor; tumor necrosis factor-alpha | 全称 | Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha |
| 反应种属 | Human |
| 来源 | E. coli-derived Val77-Leu233 |
| 产品组分 |
| 供应商 | R&D Systems |
| Entrez Gene IDs | 7124 (Human); 21926 (Mouse); 24835 (Rat); 397086 (Porcine); 280943 (Bovine); 403922 (Canine); 100033834 (Equine); 493755 (Feline); 100009088 (Rabbit) |
| 内毒素水平 | <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method. |
| 生物活性 | Measured in a cytotoxicity assay using L‑929 mouse fibroblast cells in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D. Matthews, N. and M.L. Neale (1987) in Lymphokines and Interferons, A Practical Approach. Clemens, M.J. et al. (eds): IRL Press. 221. The ED50 for this effect is typically 25-100 pg/mL. |
| 溶解方法 | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. |
| 背景 | Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha ), also known as cachectin and TNFSF1A, is the prototypic ligand of the TNF superfamily. It is a pleiotropic molecule that plays a central role in inflammation, immune system development, apoptosis, and lipid metabolism (1, 2). Human TNF-alpha consisits of a 35 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 177 aa extracellular domain (ECD) (3). Within the ECD, human TNF-alpha shares 97% aa sequence identity with rhesus and 71%-92% with bovine, canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, mouse, porcine, and rat TNF-alpha. TNF-alpha is produced by a wide variety of immune, epithelial, endothelial, and tumor cells (1, 2). TNF-alpha is assembled intracellularly to form a noncovalently linked homotrimer which is expressed on the cell surface (4). Cell surface TNF-alpha can induce the lysis of neighboring tumor cells and virus infected cells, and it can generate its own downstream cell signaling following ligation by soluble TNFR I (2, 5). Shedding of membrane bound TNF-alpha by TACE/ADAM17 releases the bioactive cytokine, a 55 kDa soluble trimer of the TNF-alpha extracellular domain (6-8). TNF-alpha binds the ubiquitous 55-60 kDa TNF RI (9, 10) and the hematopoietic cell-restricted 80 kDa TNF RII (11, 12), both of which are also expressed as homotrimers (1, 2, 13). Both type I and type II receptors bind TNF-alpha with comparable affinity (14), although only TNF RI contains a cytoplasmic death domain which triggers the activation of apoptosis. Soluble forms of both types of receptors are released and can neutralize the biological activity of TNF-alpha (15). |
| Accession # | P01375 |
| 运输条件 | Blue Ice |
| N-terminal Sequence Analysis | Val77 |
| 预期分子量 | 17 (unlabeled) kDa |
| SDS-PAGE | 17 kDa, reducing conditions |
| 存放说明 | -20℃ |
| 纯度 | >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining. |
| 不含载体 | What does CF mean? CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA. What formulation is right for me? |
| 参考文献 |
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Both Biotinylated Recombinant Human TNF-alpha (Catalog # BT210) and unlabeled Recombinant Human TNF-alpha (Catalog # 210-TA) promotes cytotoxicity in L‑929 mouse fibroblast cells in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D. The ED50 for this effect is typically 25-100 pg/mL. The similarity in activity highlights that the biotinylated protein is fully functional. |
