| 货号 | 9782T |
| 描述 | The Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) Antibody Sampler Kit provides an economical means of evaluating EMT. The kit contains enough primary antibody to perform four western blots per primary.上皮细胞-间质转化(EMT) 抗体样品试剂盒提供经济节省方式来评估EMT. 这种试剂盒包含足够的第一抗体。每份一抗可做四次western blot。 |
| 目标/特异性 | E-Cadherin (24E10) Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of total E-cadherin protein. The antibody does not cross-react with related family members, such as N-cadherin. N-Cadherin (D4R1H) XP® Rabbit mAb recognizes endogenous levels of total N-cadherin protein. Claudin-1 (D5H1D) XP® Rabbit mAb recognizes endogenous levels of total claudin-1 protein. ZO-1 (D7D12) Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of total ZO-1 protein. Vimentin (D21H3) XP® Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of total vimentin protein. Snail (C15D3) Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of total Snail protein. Slug (C19G7) Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of total Slug protein. TCF8/ZEB1 (D80D3) Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of total TCF8/ZEB1 protein. ß-Catenin (D10A8) XP® Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of total ß-catenin protein. |
| 供应商 | CST |
| 背景 | Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential process during development whereby epithelial cells aquire mesenchymal, fibroblast-like properties and display reduced intracellular adhesion and increased motility. This is a critical feature of normal embryonic development, which is also utilized by malignant epithelial tumors to spread beyond their origin (1-3). This tightly regulated process is associated with a number of cellular and molecular events. EMT depends on a reduction in expression of cell adhesion molecules. Cadherins mediate calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion and play critical roles in normal tissue development (4). E-cadherin is considered an active suppressor of invasion and growth of many epithelial cancers (4-6). Recent studies indicate that cancer cells have up-regulated N-cadherin in addition to loss of E-cadherin. This change in cadherin expression is called the "cadherin switch" and downregulation of E-cadherin is one of the hallmarks of EMT (1). Tight junctions, or zonula occludens, form a continuous barrier to fluids across the epithelium and endothelium. They function in regulation of paracellular permeability and in the maintenance of cell polarity, blocking the movement of transmembrane proteins between the apical and the basolateral cell surfaces. Tight junctions are composed of claudin and occludin proteins, which join the junctions to the cytoskeleton (7,8). Zona occludens proteins ZO-1, 2, and 3 (also known as TJP 1, 2, and 3) are peripheral membrane adaptor proteins that link junctional transmembrane proteins such as occludin and claudin to the actin cytoskeleton (9). ZO-1 and -2 are required for tight junction formation and function (10,11); mutations in ZO-1 and Claudin induce EMT (12). Vimentin is an intermediate filament of mesenchymal origin and is present at early developmental stages. Vimentins dynamic structural changes and spatial re-organization in response to extracellular stimuli helps to coordinate various signaling pathways (13). β-catenin is a key downstream effector in the Wnt signaling pathway (14). It is implicated in two major biological processes in vertebrates: early embryonic development (15) and tumorigenesis (16). β-catenin also activates Slug. Slug (SNAI2) is a widely expressed transcriptional repressor and member of the Snail family of zinc finger transcription factors (17). Similar to the related Snail protein, Slug binds to the E-cadherin promoter region to repress transcription during development (18). The binding of Slug to integrin promoter sequences represses integrin expression and results in reduced cell adhesion (19). Down regulation of E-cadherin expression occurs during the EMT during embryonic development (20). ZEB family proteins are zinc finger and homeobox domain containing transcription factors. One of the targets suppressed by ZEB proteins is E-cadherin (1).上皮细胞-间充质转化(EMT)是发育中的基本过程，上皮细胞由此获得间充质细胞或成纤维细胞特性，细胞间粘附减弱和迁移性增强。这是一种关键的正常胚胎发育特性，恶性上皮细胞肿瘤也利用这一特性从原位扩散[1-3].这种受严格调控的过程与一系列的细胞和分子变化有关。EMT依赖细胞粘附分子的表达减弱。钙黏着蛋白调控钙依赖的细胞与细胞粘附并在正常组织发育中起关键作用[4]。 E-钙黏着蛋白被认为是一种对众多上皮肿瘤细胞侵袭和生长的有效抑制因子[4-6]。最近的研究表明肿瘤细胞上调N-钙黏着蛋白下调E-钙黏着蛋白。这种在钙黏着蛋白上得变化被称作钙黏着蛋白开关。而下调的E-钙黏着蛋白则是一种EMT的标志物。Application References |
| 存放说明 | -20C |
| 参考文献 | 1 . Aigner, K. et al. (2007) Oncogene 26, 6979-88. 2 . Wheelock, M.J. and Johnson, K.R. (2003) Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 19, 207-35. 3 . Cadigan, K.M. and Nusse, R. (1997) Genes Dev 11, 3286-305. 4 . Peinado, H. et al. (2007) Nat Rev Cancer 7, 415-28. 5 . Christofori, G. (2003) EMBO J 22, 2318-23. 6 . Wodarz, A. and Nusse, R. (1998) Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 14, 59-88. 7 . Moreno-Bueno, G. et al. (2008) Oncogene 27, 6958-69. 8 . Hazan, R.B. et al. (2004) Ann N Y Acad Sci 1014, 155-63. 9 . Polakis, P. (1999) Curr Opin Genet Dev 9, 15-21. 10 . Helfand, B.T. et al. (2004) J Cell Sci 117, 133-41. 11 . Shin, K. et al. (2006) Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 22, 207-35. 12 . Oliveira, S.S. and Morgado-Díaz, J.A. (2007) Cell Mol Life Sci 64, 17-28. 13 . Matter, K. and Balda, M.S. (2007) J Cell Sci 120, 1505-11. 14 . Hernandez, S. et al. (2007) Exp Cell Res 313, 1533-47. 15 . Umeda, K. et al. (2006) Cell 126, 741-54. 16 . Reichert, M. et al. (2000) J Biol Chem 275, 9492-500. 17 . Inukai, T. et al. (1999) Mol Cell 4, 343-52. 18 . Bolós, V. et al. (2003) J Cell Sci 116, 499-511. 19 . Turner, F.E. et al. (2006) J Biol Chem 281, 21321-31. 20 . Barrallo-Gimeno, A. and Nieto, M.A. (2005) Development 132, 3151-61. |
Western blot analysis of extracts from A172 and MCF7 cells using N-Cadherin (D4R1H) XP® Rabbit mAb (upper) or β-Actin (D6A8) Rabbit mAb #8457 (lower). | |
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human colon using N-Cadherin (D4R1H) XP® Rabbit mAb. Note staining of myenteric plexus. | |
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded A172 (positive, left) and MCF7 (negative, right) cell pellets using N-Cadherin (D4R1H) XP® Rabbit mAb. | |
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human ovarian carcinoma using N-Cadherin (D4R1H) XP® Rabbit mAb. | |
Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of A172 (positive, left) and MCF7 (negative, right) cells using N-Cadherin (D4R1H) XP® Rabbit mAb (green). Blue pseudocolor= DRAQ5® #4084 (fluorescent DNA dye). | |
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human skin using Claudin-1 (D5H1D) XP® Rabbit mAb. | |
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human lung carcinoma using Claudin-1 (D5H1D) XP® Rabbit mAb. | |
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded cell pellets, A-431 (left) and MCF7 (right), using Claudin-1 (D5H1D) XP® Rabbit mAb. | |
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human colon carcinoma using Claudin-1 (D5H1D) XP® Rabbit mAb. | |
Immunoprecipitation of claudin-1 from A-431 cell extracts using Rabbit (DA1E) mAb IgG XP® Isotype Control #3900 (lane 2) or Claudin-1 (D5H1D) XP® Rabbit mAb (lane 3). Lane 1 is 10% input. Western blot was performed using Claudin-1 (D5H1D) Rabbit mAb. | |
Western blot analysis of extracts from A431 and MCF7 cells using Claudin-1 (D5H1D) XP® Rabbit mAb (upper) or β-Actin (D6A8) Rabbit mAb #8457 (lower). | |
Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell lines using β-Catenin (D10A8) XP® Rabbit mAb #8480. | |
Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell lines using ZO-1 (D7D12) Rabbit mAb #8193. | |
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human colon carcinoma using β-Catenin (D10A8) XP® Rabbit mAb. | |
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human breast carcinoma using β-Catenin (D10A8) XP® Rabbit mAb. |
