货号 | 9967T |
描述 | The Actin Reorganization Antibody Sampler Kit contains reagents to examine proteins that help regulate the dynamic actin cytoskeleton. This kit includes enough primary and secondary antibodies to perform four Western blot experiments with each primary antibody. |
目标/特异性 | All activation state antibodies only detect their target proteins when modified at the indicated site. Cofilin (D3F9) XP® Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of total cofilin protein. VASP (9A2) Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of total VASP protein. Neither of the Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin antibodies cross-react with related phosphoproteins such as merlin or band 4.1. |
供应商 | CST |
背景 | Ubiquitous actin protein comprises the major structural component of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton. The formation and continual reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton is a key step in many biological processes, including cell motility, cytokinesis, endocytosis, embryonic development, tissue regeneration and the stress response (1). The small protein cofilin is one of a conserved family of actin-binding proteins that promote actin filament regeneration by severing preexisting filaments (2). Phosphorylation of cofilin at Ser3 by LIMK or TESK inhibits cofilin severing activity (3-5). Ezrin, radixin, and moesin (ERM) proteins function as linker proteins and signal transducers between the plasma membrane and actin cytoskeleton. These proteins are involved in cell adhesion, membrane ruffling, and microvilli formation (6,7). Interactive cytosolic ERM proteins exist as monomers or dimers that form both intra- and intermolecular associations through their amino- and carboxy-terminal domains (8). Phosphorylation at carboxy-terminal threonine residues (Thr567 of ezrin, radixin at Thr564 and Thr558 of moesin) may alter protein conformation and disrupt these protein associations and result in ERM protein activation (9,10). Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) is an adaptor protein that links the cytoskeleton with signal transduction pathways to act in fibroblast migration, platelet activation and axon guidance (11,12). Three phosphorylation sites (Ser157, Ser239, and Thr278) have been identified, with phosphorylation of Ser239 by PKG serving as a marker for nitric oxide and cGMP signaling (13). VASP Ser157 can act as a substrate for both PKA and PKC (14,15). Active VASP appears to promote actin polymerization by restricting actin filament capping, with PKA phosphorylation inhibiting this anti-capping activity (16). |
存放说明 | -20C |
参考文献 | 1 . Carlier, M.F. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 33827-33830. 2 . Condeelis, J. (2001) Trends Cell Biol 11, 288-93. 3 . Arber, S. et al. (1998) Nature 393, 805-809. 4 . Matsui, T. et al. (1998) J Cell Biol 140, 647-57. 5 . Yang, N. et al. (1998) Nature 393, 809-812. 6 . Gautreau, A. et al. (2000) J Cell Biol 150, 193-203. 7 . Toshima, J. et al. (2001) J Biol Chem 276, 31449-58. 8 . Tran Quang, C. et al. (2000) EMBO J 19, 4565-76. 9 . Louvet-Vallée, S. (2000) Biol. Cell 92, 305-316. 10 . Ivetic, A. and Ridley, A.J. (2004) Immunology 112, 165-176. 11 . Ball, L.J. et al. (2000) EMBO J 19, 4903-14. 12 . Machesky, L.M. (2000) Cell 101, 685-8. 13 . Ibarra-Alvarado, C. et al. (2002) Mol. Pharmacol. 61, 312-319. 14 . Smolenski, A. et al. (1998) J Biol Chem 273, 20029-35. 15 . Chitaley, K. et al. (2004) FEBS Lett. 556, 211-215. 16 . Barzik, M. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280, 28653-28662. |
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma using Phospho-Ezrin (Thr567)/Radixin (Thr564)/Moesin (Thr558) (48G2) Rabbit mAb. | |
Western blot analysis of untreated or Staurosporine #9953 treated (1 uM, 3 hrs.) HeLa cells using Phospho-Ezrin (Thr567)/Radixin (Thr564)/Moesin (Thr558) (48G2) Rabbit mAb #3726 (upper) and Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin Antibody #3142 (lower). | |
Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of HeLa cells, untreated (left), treated with Staurosporine #9953 (1 μM, 1hr; center), or λ phosphatase (right) labeled with Phospho-Ezrin (Thr567)/Radixin (Thr564)/Moesin (Thr558) (48G2) Rabbit mAb (green). Actin filaments were labeled with DyLight™ 554 phalloidin (red). Blue pseudocolor = DRAQ5®#4084 (fluorescent DNA dye). | |
Western blot analysis of Staurosporine #9953 treated (1 μM, 3 hr) or untreated HeLa cells using Phospho-Ezrin (Thr567)/Radixin (Thr564)/Moesin (Thr558) (48G2) Rabbit mAb (upper) and Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin Antibody #3142 (lower). | |
Western blot analysis of various cell extracts, using Phospho-Ezrin (Thr567)/Radixin (Thr564)/Moesin (Thr558) (48G2) Rabbit mAb. | |
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human gastric adenocarcinoma, untreated (left) or λ phosphatase treated (right), using Phospho-Ezrin (Thr567)/Radixin (Thr564)/Moesin (Thr558) (48G2) Rabbit mAb. | |
Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of HeLa cells, untreated (left), treated with Staurosporine #9953 (1 μM, 1hr; center), or λ phosphatase (right) labeled with Phospho-Ezrin (Thr567)/Radixin (Thr564)/Moesin (Thr558) (48G2) Rabbit mAb (green). Actin filaments were labeled with DyLight™ 554 phalloidin (red). Blue pseudocolor = DRAQ5®#4084 (fluorescent DNA dye). | |
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human breast ductal carcinoma using Phospho-Ezrin (Thr567)/Radixin (Thr564)/Moesin (Thr558) (48G2) Rabbit mAb. | |
Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell lines using VASP (9A2) Rabbit mAb. | |
Western blot analysis of COS cells, untreated or λ phosphatase-treated, using Phospho-Cofilin (Ser3) (77G2) Rabbit mAb (upper) or Cofilin Antiobdy #3312 (lower). | |
Western blot analysis of extracts from A-431 cells, untreated (-) or treated with Forskolin #3828 (+), using Phospho-VASP (Ser239) Antibody (upper) and VASP (9A2) Rabbit mAb #3132 (lower). | |
Western blot analysis of extracts from A-431 cells, untreated (-) or treated with Forskolin #3828 (+), using Phospho-VASP (Ser157) Antibody (upper) and VASP (9A2) Rabbit mAb #3132 (lower). | |
Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell lines using VASP (9A2) Rabbit mAb. | |
Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell types using Cofilin (D3F9) XP® Rabbit mAb #5175. | |
Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell types using Cofilin (D3F9) XP® Rabbit mAb. |